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Aid Notes

The death toll keeps rising in South Asia as The New York Times covers the threats of secondary deaths from disease and unsanitary conditions. This, of course, is the immediate need for relief aid and my understanding is that individual charitable donations are particularly crucial right now, because state-to-state aid money tends to take longer to flow since governments are slow-moving beasts (hence, again, to my mind, the desirability of a well-funded Global Emergency Management Agency of some sort that could act immediately, rather than having all the countries start ponying up money after disaster strikes). On the intergovernmental level, which is typically most important for longer-term recovery rather than immediate relief, the US looks set to become more generous so bully for Bush on that front.

Besided that, a word on the "stingy" issue. What the UN official actually said was that rich countries including the US are stingy with aid money. Whether out of anti-UN malice, or simply demented America-centrism, this has been widely reported as the claim that the United States is stingy which has pissed people off. But no one said that. The US government is stingy with official aid relative to the size of our economy, but the karmic balance is evened by the fact that our citizens are much more generous than the rest of the rich world in terms of individual donations. We also provide some global public goods -- clear shipping lanes and the like -- for self-interested reasons that wind up benefitting everyone. Which isn't to say we shouldn't do more. Indeed, virtually every rich country should do more. We're all stingier than we ought to be, especially in terms of doling out aid that history teaches would be effective like to fight disease and provide clean water in rural areas.

December 29, 2004 | Permalink

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Tracked on Dec 29, 2004 4:14:25 PM

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I really don't know what Glenn is getting so worked up about. He is persistently misrepresenting what was said. Is anyone fact checking Glenn? Matthew correctly points out: Besided that, a word on the "stingy" issue. What the UN official actu... [Read More]

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Comments

Matthew,
Do you have any contacts who can vet the lists of relief organizations floating around in the blogsphere and determine which will actually do solid relief work with donations? There are too many fraudulant "charities" out there and I fear that many donations will be wasted down that rabbit hole.

sPh

Posted by: sPh | Dec 29, 2004 11:27:55 AM

But we are not stingy. Look at all of the money we're spending to create freedom and democracy in Iraq. Duh.

Americans have no problem with giving aid to foreign countries so long as that aid is given in the form of bombs, missles, and bullets. Just look at the hundreds of billions in aid we're spending on Iraq.

Posted by: Dan the Man | Dec 29, 2004 11:32:08 AM

From Carol Adelman's Foreign Affairs essay on the "Are we stingy? No, you have to look at private donations too" issue:

"But even as Washington reemphasizes the importance of aid, critics, from journalists and academics to former presidents, ritually blast the United States for being stingy. President George W. Bush's pledge to increase aid 50 percent by 2006 -- the biggest boost since the Marshall Plan was launched in 1948 -- and new legislation devoting an additional $15 billion to fight aids, tuberculosis, and malaria have done little to stave off such attacks. Critics -- noting that the United States, despite giving the greatest absolute amount, comes in last among industrialized nations in terms of aid as a percentage of national income -- have tagged it the most miserly of nations.

What such criticism fails to take into account is the new landscape of foreign aid. Current measures of a nation's largesse only count funds doled out by the government, thus ignoring the primary way in which Americans help others abroad: through the private sector. In the last decade, U.S. government aid has been far outstripped by private donations -- from foundations, private voluntary organizations (PVOS), corporations, universities, religious groups, and individuals giving directly to needy family members abroad. There is no comprehensive measure of how much Americans donate overseas, but a conservative estimate, based on surveys and voluntary reporting, puts annual private giving around $35 billion. Even this low-ball figure is more than three and a half times the amount of official development assistance (ODA) given out in a year by the U.S. government. In the third wave of foreign aid, it is private money that is making the difference."

link (the entire essay is pay-only, now, unfortunately)

Of course, these private donations do not even take into account the public goods (which Matthew mentions) that the US provides. Indeed, there are many, many public goods that the US provides (everything from subsizing Canadian pharmaceuticals to having provided European defense for the past 60 years). But, as "Dan the Man" indicates, some people would balance those public goods against other "harms" that the United States inflicts (that isn't to say that I agree at all with his assessment of whether Iraq is a public good - it fairly obviously (to me, at least) is a good rather than a harm). But even discounting these public goods, the private donations should improve our "standing" relative to other Western nations in terms of giving to the poor nations.

Posted by: Al | Dec 29, 2004 11:55:39 AM

The UN guy didn't even mention the USA. The only countries he mentioned by name were the three scandinavian countries at the top of the list in percentages of giving. A reporter asked whether the US was among the lowest and the UN guy ducked the question. I heard the press conference myself.
He also said he didn't understand why the percentages of giving were declining when the economy was improving, and in that context called the nations reducing their contributions stingy. I know that description fits the USA, but he did not mention us by name.

Posted by: Nancy | Dec 29, 2004 11:57:04 AM


there are many, many public goods that the US provides... But, as "Dan the Man" indicates, some people would balance those public goods against other "harms" that the United States inflicts


Uh, I wasn't balancing those public goods the United States provides against other "harms" that the United States inflicts. Stop being so retarded, OK?

Posted by: Dan the Man | Dec 29, 2004 12:00:37 PM

And some people NEVER give a dime. Scrooge saves his money, buys the media, and rules.

Posted by: yesh | Dec 29, 2004 12:00:51 PM

sPh asks a good question.

I only mentioned the American Red Cross on my own blog out of ignorance as the Red Cross seems to have integrity etc etc. But I have no idea if it is the optimum choice in terms of effectiveness. So discussion of what is an effective way to help/contribute over the short/long term would be helpful.

I mean what do we (as individuals or nations) actually do? Obviously these countries have to do the rebuilding themselves. Most of their governments seem so corrupt that I fear that huge amounts of dollars & pounds & francs in aid would simply be stolen.

Posted by: David Sucher | Dec 29, 2004 12:01:19 PM

Besides the logic of appeasing the powerful, why should Thailand (for example) help the US prevent another 9/11, with its attendant 3,000 deaths, when tens of thousands die from these natural disasters and their money could be better spent on preparedness?

There were hours between evidence of the quake, and the tsunami in some locations. We need a method for transmitting emergency info across national lines quickly.

We need a global emergency agency to coordinate relief, as Matt said.

We need chlorine (or iodine) to prevent typhoid and cholera. NOW. This is so cheap compared to war. And the goodwill is worth it from a political viewpoint if the humanitarian reasons are suffiicient for our libertarian friends.

Posted by: epistemology | Dec 29, 2004 12:02:53 PM

Besides the logic of appeasing the powerful, why should Thailand (for example) help the US prevent another 9/11, with its attendant 3,000 deaths, when tens of thousands die from these natural disasters and their money could be better spent on preparedness?


Yes, because all money spent by the likes of Thailand combatting terrorism solely redounds to the United States and is not useful to the Thais at all.

Good one.

Posted by: Al | Dec 29, 2004 12:08:02 PM

Al,


But even discounting these public goods, the private donations should improve our "standing" relative to other Western nations in terms of giving to the poor nations.

If, as your source claims, US private donations are 3x the government development assistance, the total is still, per capita or per GDP, less than just the public (ignoring private) assistance provided by many other developed countries.

But I don't get why you think it should improve our standing. Is there any reason to expect that the US public + private spending on aid is any closer to other Western countries public + private spending on aid than the US public-only spending is the their public-only spending?

Posted by: cmdicely | Dec 29, 2004 12:21:29 PM

Do you guys have any actual evidence for claiming that counting private donations, US citizens are more generous - per capita, and per ability to give - than other nationals? I would like to see some statistics for this.

Of course, realistic comparisons would have to take into account that in many countries donations are not tax-deductible; I wonder how generous the US public would be under these same circumstances.

Posted by: Messenger | Dec 29, 2004 12:25:12 PM

Messenger, I know Irish people are always patting ourselves on the back for our population's generosity per capita - maybe everyone puts their own nation on the top of the list.

Posted by: billyfrombelfast | Dec 29, 2004 12:40:16 PM

It's also worth noting that the UN official's comment was fairly effective in rustling up more cash.

Posted by: praktike | Dec 29, 2004 12:54:46 PM

Stingy? The Bush adminstration is spending some $250 million per day to create a man-made completely avoidable humanitarian disaster in Iraq. What's stingy about that?

Posted by: Shirin | Dec 29, 2004 1:18:55 PM

" some people would balance those public goods against other "harms" that the United States inflicts"

Like oil at $50 a barrel.

Posted by: Fantazia | Dec 29, 2004 2:04:57 PM

If, as your source claims, US private donations are 3x the government development assistance, the total is still, per capita or per GDP, less than just the public (ignoring private) assistance provided by many other developed countries.


"Many"? Dunno about that. Scandanavia and Holland, perhaps.

But I don't get why you think it should improve our standing. Is there any reason to expect that the US public + private spending on aid is any closer to other Western countries public + private spending on aid than the US public-only spending is the their public-only spending?


Why would I expect it? For one reason, because America's public sector (relative to its private sector) is generally smaller than other countries' public sectors (relative to their private sectors). For another reason, because, to the extent we are considering remittances, I believe that American remittances exceeds those of other countries.

Posted by: Al | Dec 29, 2004 2:09:28 PM

"Like oil at $50 a barrel."

Okay, tough guy. What do you think the price of oil would be if the U.S. Navy weren't out there keeping shipping lanes relatively free of pirates?

(btw, the price has come down from $50 since the election).

Posted by: praktike | Dec 29, 2004 2:11:11 PM

Like oil at $50 a barrel.

Is this a public good or a public harm? I'm confused. I thought lefties LIKED higher oil prices - you know, to cut down on oil consumption/emission of greenhouse gasses/blah, blah, blah.

Posted by: Al | Dec 29, 2004 2:11:28 PM

Praktike:
"What do you think the price of oil would be if the U.S. Navy weren't out there keeping shipping lanes relatively free of pirates?"

The same as it is now. Evidence, please, to the contrary.

Al:
"Is this a public good or a public harm? "
It's a public good for the oil sheiks. It's a public harm for all the others who have to spend more. It at least ensures that a large portion of that fabulous foreign aid ends up in the mitts of the oil sheiks.

" I'm confused."
What else is new.

"I thought lefties LIKED higher oil prices"
Then go talk to them. Don't waste my time.

Posted by: Fantazia | Dec 29, 2004 2:30:43 PM

To elaborate for praktike's benefit: oil is fungible. Oil pirates aren't going to eat it. They may likely sell it for less than the going trading prices.

Posted by: Fantazia | Dec 29, 2004 2:34:21 PM

Praktike:
"What do you think the price of oil would be if the U.S. Navy weren't out there keeping shipping lanes relatively free of pirates?"

The same as it is now. Evidence, please, to the contrary.

Oh, I can't find a cite saying what the price of oil would be without America providing security. But come on, you can't fail to see that without that, it would be far easier for various bad actors to attack oil freighters, no? Piracy incidents are a relatively small feature of the landscape today -- less than 300 attacks per year. But that number would certainly go up without the U.S. Navy.

Posted by: praktike | Dec 29, 2004 2:37:38 PM

Praktike:
I repeat, pirated oil will still wind up on the market, and at cheaper prices than "legal" crude for that matter.

*Terrorist* attacks on supertankers are another matter. Oil gone for good. We can have a friendly discussion about whether the US is more of a terrorist-magnet in the M.E. oil-producing regions or a terrorist-repellant. Pick your side, let's debate.


Posted by: Fantazia | Dec 29, 2004 2:44:59 PM

In response to sPh:

Check out http://www.benjaminrosenbaum.com/blog/archives/2004_12.html#000151

Posted by: Martey | Dec 29, 2004 2:47:08 PM

Matt, it's not clear to me whether you're talking about US charitable donations in general, or specifically about donations to international relief agencies. Because if you're talking about total donations, my understanding is that a large chunk of individual charitable donations goes to the arts, to universities, to churches and other religious institutions, and to local charities. Of course, a lot of churches spend some of their energy and revenue on overseas relief, but a lot don't.

I'm not necessarily saying that individuals should be spending their charitable dollars any differently -- my husband and I donate to the opera, to the local food back, to our respective alma maters, etc., as well as to various international relief organizations. I'm just saying that when talking about individaul chartiable giving it's better to be specific about exactly what kinds of charities you're talking about.

Posted by: janet | Dec 29, 2004 2:52:56 PM

I do seem to remember that TOTAL U.S. charitable contributions were significantly higher as a fraction of GDP than in other Western countries (2% here, compared to something like 0.5% in Germany or something). Of course, most U.S. charity goes to help poor people within the U.S. itself, and the same is probably true of charity in other countries with respect to their own poor.

Posted by: Julian Elson | Dec 29, 2004 3:18:40 PM

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